近日，生(sheng)態(tai)環境部、農業農村部聯合(he)印發《農業面源(yuan)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)治理與監(jian)督指導(dao)實(shi)施(shi)方(fang)(fang)案(an)(試(shi)行)》(以下簡(jian)稱《實(shi)施(shi)方(fang)(fang)案(an)》)，明(ming)確了(le)“十四(si)五”至2035年農業面源(yuan)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)防(fang)治的總體要求、工作目標和主(zhu)要任務(wu)等，對監(jian)督指導(dao)農業面源(yuan)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)治理工作作出部署安排。

　　《實(shi)施方案》指出，要以(yi)習近(jin)平(ping)生態文明思(si)想為(wei)(wei)(wei)指導，認真貫徹落實(shi)黨(dang)中央(yang)、國務(wu)院決策部署(shu)，深入打好(hao)污染(ran)防治攻堅戰(zhan)，以(yi)釘(ding)釘(ding)子(zi)精神推(tui)進農(nong)業面(mian)(mian)源(yuan)污染(ran)防治，圍繞削減土壤和水環境農(nong)業面(mian)(mian)源(yuan)污染(ran)負荷、促進土壤質(zhi)量(liang)和水質(zhi)改善為(wei)(wei)(wei)核心，按照(zhao)“抓重(zhong)點(dian)、分區治、精細管(guan)”的基(ji)本(ben)思(si)路，統(tong)籌謀劃、協同聯動，突出重(zhong)點(dian)、試點(dian)先行，優化(hua)政策、強化(hua)監督(du)，真抓實(shi)干(gan)、久久為(wei)(wei)(wei)功，形(xing)成齊抓共管(guan)、持續推(tui)進的農(nong)業面(mian)(mian)源(yuan)污染(ran)治理(li)體系和治理(li)能(neng)力，為(wei)(wei)(wei)全面(mian)(mian)推(tui)進鄉村振興、加快農(nong)業農(nong)村現(xian)代化(hua)開好(hao)局、起好(hao)步。

　　《實施方案(an)》提出，到(dao)2025年，重點(dian)區(qu)域農業(ye)(ye)面(mian)源(yuan)污(wu)染得到(dao)初步(bu)控制，農業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)產布局進(jin)一步(bu)優(you)化(hua)，化(hua)肥農藥減(jian)量化(hua)穩步(bu)推進(jin)，規模以下(xia)畜(chu)禽養殖(zhi)糞污(wu)綜合利用(yong)水平持續提高，農業(ye)(ye)綠(lv)色發(fa)展成效明顯。試點(dian)地區(qu)監測(ce)網絡初步(bu)建成，監督指導農業(ye)(ye)面(mian)源(yuan)污(wu)染治理(li)的法規政策(ce)標(biao)準體(ti)系和工(gong)作機制基本建立。到(dao)2035年，重點(dian)區(qu)域土壤(rang)和水環境農業(ye)(ye)面(mian)源(yuan)污(wu)染負(fu)荷(he)顯著(zhu)降低，農業(ye)(ye)面(mian)源(yuan)污(wu)染監測(ce)網絡和監管制度全面(mian)建立，農業(ye)(ye)綠(lv)色發(fa)展水平明顯提升。

　　《實施方案》提出(chu)了三(san)方面(mian)(mian)(mian)主要(yao)任(ren)務(wu)。一是深入推(tui)進(jin)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)面(mian)(mian)(mian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)防治(zhi)。確定農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)面(mian)(mian)(mian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)優先(xian)治(zhi)理(li)區域，分區分類采取治(zhi)理(li)措施，建(jian)立農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)面(mian)(mian)(mian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)防治(zhi)技術庫。二是完善(shan)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)面(mian)(mian)(mian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)防治(zhi)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)機制。健(jian)全法律法規(gui)制度，完善(shan)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)面(mian)(mian)(mian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)防治(zhi)與監(jian)(jian)督監(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)相(xiang)關標準，優化經濟政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)，建(jian)立多(duo)元(yuan)共治(zhi)模(mo)式。三(san)是加(jia)強(qiang)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)面(mian)(mian)(mian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)治(zhi)理(li)監(jian)(jian)督管(guan)理(li)。開(kai)展農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)調(diao)查監(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)，評估(gu)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)面(mian)(mian)(mian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)對(dui)環境質(zhi)量的影(ying)響程度，加(jia)強(qiang)長期觀(guan)測(ce)(ce)，建(jian)設監(jian)(jian)管(guan)平臺。

　　《實施方案》提出(chu)，要圍繞國家重大發展(zhan)戰略和(he)深入打(da)好污(wu)染防(fang)治攻(gong)堅戰總體部署，以控制(zhi)農業(ye)面(mian)(mian)源(yuan)污(wu)染對(dui)重點區域土壤和(he)水環境質量影響為目(mu)標，建(jian)設(she)一批(pi)以污(wu)染防(fang)治、調(diao)查(cha)監測、績效評估等為主要內容的試點示范工程，形成農業(ye)面(mian)(mian)源(yuan)污(wu)染防(fang)治典型模(mo)式，建(jian)立農業(ye)面(mian)(mian)源(yuan)污(wu)染調(diao)查(cha)監測體系(xi)，探索制(zhi)定農業(ye)面(mian)(mian)源(yuan)污(wu)染防(fang)治績效評估辦法。

　　《實(shi)(shi)施方(fang)案》要(yao)求，要(yao)加強組織領導，完善中(zhong)央(yang)統籌、省負總(zong)責(ze)、市縣抓落實(shi)(shi)的工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)推(tui)進機制。強化(hua)隊伍建設，明確縣鄉鎮(zhen)承擔監(jian)督(du)指導農業(ye)(ye)面源(yuan)(yuan)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)治(zhi)理工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的機構和人(ren)員。加大資金(jin)投入(ru)(ru)，構建公共(gong)財政支持、責(ze)任主(zhu)體自籌和社會資金(jin)參(can)與(yu)的多(duo)元化(hua)投入(ru)(ru)格局，確保完成(cheng)治(zhi)理目標。提升科技(ji)(ji)支撐(cheng)，成(cheng)立農業(ye)(ye)面源(yuan)(yuan)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)專(zhuan)家組，加快以農業(ye)(ye)面源(yuan)(yuan)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)調查、監(jian)測、評(ping)估技(ji)(ji)術(shu)為(wei)重點的聯合攻(gong)關。強化(hua)監(jian)督(du)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，推(tui)動地方(fang)各(ge)級(ji)政府(fu)將農業(ye)(ye)面源(yuan)(yuan)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)納入(ru)(ru)績效評(ping)估，突出(chu)問題(ti)納入(ru)(ru)中(zhong)央(yang)生(sheng)態環境保護(hu)督(du)察范(fan)疇。加強宣傳引導，宣傳普及農業(ye)(ye)面源(yuan)(yuan)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)治(zhi)理知(zhi)識(shi)和技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，鼓勵公眾參(can)與(yu)和監(jian)督(du)。

來(lai)源：生態環(huan)境部